Molecular-genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of thyroi d malignant tumor (Part 2)

Abstract

Part 2 of the review analyzes new data on the pathogenesis of medullary and anaplastic cancers, the most aggressive types of thyroid malignant tumors. Considerable attention is paid to the mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the formation of metastases, the role of the microenvironment of tumors and inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis. Emphasis is also placed on epigenetic changes that lead to the generation and progression of thyroid tumors, in particular, DNA and histone methylation, miRNA expression.