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Abstract
Introduction. Complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), such as retinopathy and nephropathy, usually occur with prolonged course of diabetes before becoming clinically pronounced, and the cognitive impairments are manifested at the early stages of type 1 diabetes. In the DCCT study, it was shown that the level of glycemia plays an important role in the state of cognitive function. Age of onset of type 1 diabetes, sex, level of education can also contribute to the presence of cognitive dysfunction. The aim was to study the effect
of sex, education, age on the state of cognitive function in patients with type 1 diabetes of young age at the time of diabetes onset. Materials and methods. We examined 33 patients with type 1 diabetes, 17 of them were women and 16 — men. An evaluation of cognitive disturbance was carried out in the morning using the following methods: a «5 words» test, a MMSE, a FAB on frontal dysfunction, an assessment of a clock drawing test. Results. A negative relationship was found before the onset of the disease between age and the state of cognitive function by the MMSE scale. There was no difference in the performance of neurophysiological tests between groups by sex and education. No correlation was found by the data of regression analysis when studying the effect of patient sex, education and age on the state of cognitive function in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions. A negative relationship was found between the age before the onset of the disease and the cognition scores in the MMSE scale. In patients with type 1 diabetes, who at the time of the disease diagnosis was 14 years or more, the cognitive function indicators according to BPD, MMSE and the clock drawing test were significantly
worse compared to patients who were under 14 years old.
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