Clinical and laboratory justification of planning removable partial prosthesis structures in patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease that adversely affects the oral cavity, leads to tooth loss, and increases the need for removable dentures. However, they complicate oral hygiene and exert a side effect on the underlying tissues, which, under conditions of reduced immune reactivity, increases the risk of inflammation,
also due to the properties of the materials, their chemical composition, and manufacturing technology. However, they complicate oral hygiene and have a side effect on the subordinate tissues, which, with reduced immune reactivity, increases the risk of inflammation, also due to the properties of materials, their chemical composition and manufacturing technology.The aim of the study was to improve the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment with removable partial denture (RPD) in patients with compensated type 2 diabetes (T2D) through a clinically and laboratory-validated approach to selection of basic materials for the manufacture of structures. Material and methods. The examination and comprehensive dental treatment of 83 patients aged 35-65 years with compensated form of T2D and partial tooth loss were carried out. Orthopedic treatment was performed using RPD. Depending on the materials used for the manufacture of structures, the patients were divided into four groups. For a comparative assessment of the effect of prosthetic materials on the oral hygienic and clinical status, index research methods and an experimental microbiological study were used. Statistical analysis was performed using generally accepted methods
of variation statistics using the R software environment version 4.3.2 with the EZR graphical interface package version 1.64. Results. It was established that the best level of hygienic indicators, the lowest prevalence of inflammatory processes of the mucous membrane and periodontium, and the lowest level of bacterial contamination of the prosthesis surface were found in the group of patients who used RPDs made of cobalt-chromium alloy and monomer-free acrylic plastic. Conclusions. The use of materials with better hygienic properties reduces the incidence of denture stomatitis and can be recommended for orthopedic treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes using removable denture structures.