Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications The message I. Endothelial dysfunction: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods

Abstract

The lecture covers the modern data of the main injury and repair mechanisms of the vascular endothelium, the functions of the endothelium and the methods of assessment of endothelial dysfunction (ED). The interrelation between the various endothelial dysfunction’s indicators were demonstrated. The results of our own studies of ED of the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were examined. Depending on the stage of CKD on dialysis and predialysis stage. The indicators of endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDVD) of the brachial artery, the plasma contents of nitric oxide metabolites NO2- and NO3- and the circulating desquamated endothelial cells (CDE) were evaluated. The results indicate a necessity of complex and systemic evaluation of ED, based on a study of vasomotor endothelial function, the study of markers of endothelial injury, vasoconstrictor and vasodilatory substances, angiogenesis factors and endothelial regeneration. Early diagnostic of the vascular system will contribute to the development of targeted methods of correction ED, monitoring the adequacy of the treatment.