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Abstract
Introduction. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex medical and social problem and is directly related to obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, which have a negative impact on women's fertility. The aim. To analyze the relationship between the components of the MS with different disorders of the female reproductive function and the pathogenesis of their occurrence. Material and methods. The literature sources were reviewed, and the obtained data were analyzed. Results. The initial manifestations of metabolic disorders are associated with obesity or adiposipathy. Waist circumference is a better prognostic indicator than body mass index. The leading role in the progression of MS is played by lifestyle, chronic stress, lack of
sleep, and hereditary factors. Insulin resistance is often observed in newborns with low weight for gestational age and is sharply increased in obesity. Low nighttime melatonin levels are associated with insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. The feedback between the level of vitamin D and the degree of obesity is established, since vitamin D is able to suppress the adipogenesis process. Leptin is an important factor in binding obesity, MS and cardiovascular disease. Android obesity is strongly correlated with the development of metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Excessive androgens are an inductive factor in adipocyte hypertrophy and local inflammation. Polycystic ovary syndrome associated with visceral fat accumulation, and insulin resistance in women stimulates androgen secretion with ovaries. Conclusions. Pathological changes in the ratio of sex hormones can lead to individual components of MS. At the same time, insulin resistance is one of the factors in the development of gynecological pathology from the acceleration of sexual development, virilization and, as a result, dysfunction of the ovaries, endometrium, and the development of gestational diabetes. The relationship between the MS manifestations, reproductive function and gynecological pathology in women of all ages requires further study to determine additional MS parameters, mandatory methods of diagnosis and prevention.
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