Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus, a severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV2 — COVID‑19, necessitates the urgent need for the study and deep-seated fundamental understanding of the general pathophysiology of a new disease that potentially determines the choice of therapeutic strategy for patients with diabetes mellitus affected by coronavirus infection. Given the rapid prevalence of COVID‑19 with the manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome, there is currently a serious debate in the world scientific community on a number of topical issues related to the most optimal methods for treating patients with diabetes during the coronavirus pandemic, including the susceptibility to this new infection, the presence of comorbid pathology, the severity of the disease, the risks of complications and mortality, as well as the role of drugs used to control glycemia. The current epidemiological data for COVID‑19 do not support the hypothesis that patients with diabetes are at increased risk of infection compared with the general population of patients with COVID‑19. To date, it has been established that decompensated diabetes mellitus is an independent factor aggravating the course of coronavirus infection and significantly increasing the risks of a fatal outcome of the disease. Our knowledge of a new coronavirus infection is growing day by day, and the lessons learned from this pandemic in different countries are extremely important and very valuable in determining the best approach to fight this disease. Thus, there is a scientific and clinical need to obtain new data on the treatment methods used so far in patients with diabetes mellitus infected with COVID‑19 to determine their effectiveness and choose the most optimal type of therapeutic strategy to ensure a less severe course and a better prognosis of the disease. This review provides a brief summary of the general characteristics of COVID‑19, as well as an analysis of the relationship between this new infectious disease and diabetes mellitus based on literature to help better understand the pathogenetic and clinical aspects of this pathological tandem, as well as select the most effective therapeutic strategies for treating patients with COVID‑19 and diabetes.
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