Influence of non-gaseous acidosis and alkalosis on the of unlimited proteolysis of blood and tissues

Abstract

Many clinical conditions, such as diabetes, hypoxia, chronic renal failure, cancer, severe trauma, and sepsis are accompanied by acidosis. The aim of the study was to study the changes in proteolytic activity of blood and tissues under conditions of chronic experimental non-gaseous acidosis and alkalosis, and comparison of them with the previously obtained indicators of the pituitary-adrenal system in chronic non-gaseous acidosis and alkalosis. Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 60 intact white outbred male rats weighing 120-180 g, which were kept on a balanced diet of vivarium.
Chronic non-gaseous hyperchloremic acidosis was simulated by daily intragastric administration with a probe for 30 days 20 mmol/kg NH4CL, and chronic non-gaseous alkalosis — 30 mmol/kg NaHCO3. The control animals were injected with the same amount of tap water. Euthanasia of animals was performed under light ether anesthesia by decapitation. Stabilization of blood was carried out with 3.8% sodium citrate solution. Results. Lysis of azoalbumin (breakdown of low molecular weight proteins), lysis of azocasein (breakdown of high molecular weight proteins) and lysis of azocol (lysis of collagen) in chronic non-gaseous alkalosis are almost no different from normal in the serum. However, in chronic non-gaseous acidosis, the lysis of azoalbumin increases in 3.6 times (control — 1.635±0.717 E440/h/ml, experiment — 5.985±0.812 E440/h/ml, p<0.05), the lysis of azocasein increases in 3.1 times (control — 1.638±0.465 E440/h/ml, experiment — 5.110±0.691 E440/h/ml, p<0.05), and the lysis of azocol increases in 2.6 times (control — 1.865±0.445 E440/h/ml, experiment
— 4.776±0.552 E440/h/ml, p<0.05). A slight increase in the lysis of azoalbumin, azocasein and azocol is not statistically significant in the homogenate of liver tissue in chronic alkalosis. However, in chronic non-gaseous acidosis lysis of azoalbumin is increased by 3.7 times (control — 1.793±0.542 E440/h/g, experiment — 6.446±0.747 E440/h/g, p<0.05), lysis of azocasein increases in 3.8 times (control — 1.781±0.605 E440/h/g, experiment — 6.504±0.889 E440/h/g, p<0.05), and the lysis of azocol increases in 2.7 times (control — 1.879±0.454 E440/h/g, experiment — 4.999±0.779 E440/h/g, p<0.05). In the homogenate of the kidney tissue with such a change in the acid-base state as alkalosis, lysis of azoalbumin, azocasein and azocol almost do not differ from the norm. However, in acidosis, the lysis of azoalbumin is increased by 4 times (control — 1.793±0.542 E440/h/g, experiment — 6.814±0.674 E440/h/g, p<0.05), the lysis of azocasein is increased by 3 times (control — 1.986±0.642 E440/h/g, experiment — 5.631±0.850 E440/h/g, p<0.05) and lysis of azocol increased by 3.2 times (control — 1.929±0.577 E440/h/g, experiment — 6.279±0.579 E440/h/g, p<0.05). Conclusions. There is a significant activation of unlimited proteolysis in both the blood and tissues, providing renal ammoniogenesis with amino acid substrate, and leads to the tissue destruction, including muscular ones during chronic non-gaseous acidosis.