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Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is one of the key pathological events in the development of chronic diabetic complications and is associated with diabetes mellitus. An important effect of ED is that it increases the production and biological activity of endothelin (ET). ET‑1, which is produced primarily in the endothelium, is the main cardiovascular isoform of the endothelin system. Diabetes mellitus is one of the diseases associated with pathologically elevated ET levels. There is evidence that androgens may play a significant role in determining gender-specific blood pressure. Men have a higher risk of developing coronary heart disease or hypertension compared to premenopausal women. Aim of the study was to determine the concentration of endothelin‑1 and testosterone in the blood of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with different body mass index and different age categories. Methods. ET‑1 levels
were determined with ELISA in 103 people: 17 healthy persons and 86 patients with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The Endotelin (1-21) EIA kit was used to determine the ET‑1 concentration. Testosterone (T) was determined using the EIA‑1559 kit. Results. All diabetic patients had higher ET‑1 blood levels than controls. The difference in the amount of ET‑1 in the blood of patients between types I and II diabetes was insignificant. ET‑1 levels were higher in men than in women by an average of 37%. In the group with a higher body mass index, ET‑1 was 71% higher, and T was 25% lower. The ET‑1 level in the age group under 50 was lower than in the older group for both types of diabetes (123% for T1D and 148% for T2D), and the amount of T in T2D patients was almost 20% higher. In the group of type 2 diabetes patients with a T<3 ng/ml, the concentration of ET‑1 in the blood was higher than in patients with a T>3 ng/ml, 0,550 fmol/ml vs 0,392 fmol/ml, respectively. Conclusions. In obese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus, there is an increase in the endothelin‑1 concentration, and a decrease in the level of total testosterone. These indicators are probably not directly related to the content of glycated hemoglobin. With age, the level of endothelin‑1 in the blood of diabetic patients increases, and the level of total testosterone decreases. These processes can be interrelated. The concentration of endothelin‑1 in the blood in men with both types of diabetes is significantly higher than in women.
References
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