Clinical and functional characteristics of the central nervous system in children with type 1 diabetes of Almaty City

Abstract

The issues of diabetic lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) in children are not well understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical and  functional state of the central nervous system in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1 DM) in Almaty. 205 children with T1DM aged 3 to 16 years [91 (44.39%) boys  and 114 (55.61%)] girls were followed up. The age of children with T1DM averaged 9.73 ± 3.79 years.The duration of T1 DM in children under study ranged from  6 months to 10 years, on average 2.73 ± 2.58 years. The control group was represented by 101 children without T1DM. The groups were matched by age and gender.  Examination of children included: an analysis of the perinatal period, clarifcation of complaints suggesting the presence of CNS lesion symptoms, clinical neurological  examination, electroencephalography (EEG). The majority (79.5%) of surveyed children with T1 DM showed signs of CNS lesion, in the form of complaints and  cerebrasthenic and cerebral nature, multilocular neurological symptoms and nonspecifc EEG changes.