Molecular genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of thyroid malignant tumors (review of literature and own data, part 1)

Abstract

In the first part of the review, new scientific literature data on the molecular genetic mechanisms of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas formation are analyzed. The role of mutations and rearrangements of genes whose products form MAPK- and PІ3K-signaling cascades is noted. New factors affecting the pathogenesis of thyroid papillary carcinoma, discovered with the use of modern genetic methods, are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the evidence of the effect of ionizing radiation on carcinogenesis. The importance of new diagnostic and prognostic markers of thyroid cancer is discussed.