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Abstract
The article summarizes and analyzes the material devoted to complex scientific research of cytological, ultrasound, immunological, cardiological aspects of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and diabetes mellitus (DM), based on which approaches to forecasting, diagnosis and correction of endocrinopathies have been improved. The aim — development of accurate methods for preoperative diagnosis and prognosis of radioiodine-resistance of the PTC for the selection of adequate therapy based on cytological, immunocytochemical, computer-morphometric studies of FNA-smears neoplasms of the thyroid gland; assessment of hematological and immunological consequences of radioiodine-therapy; determination of therapeutic and preventive measures for the correction of hyperproliferative processes of the reproductive sphere in patients with thyroid cancer, and the development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with DM.
Object: cytological characteristics of PTC and its metastases, echographic signs of lesions of the cardiovascular system, uterus and mammary glands, the state of the immune and hematopoietic systems of patients with thyroid cancer during therapy with radioactive iodine. Material and methods: ultrasound, cytological, immunocytochemical, statistical, computer-morphometric, immunological, flow cytometry, radionuclide, laboratory. Results. Cytomorphological features of PTC and their metastases associated with radioiodine resistance were established, software was developed for processing digital photomicrographs of punctates, and the risk of developing hyperproliferative processes of the reproductive sphere was assessed in women who underwent treatment for thyroid cancer in a long-term follow-up. The short-term and long-term effects of radioiodine therapy on indicators of innate and adaptive immunity in patients with thyroid cancer were studied, the main factors determining and modeling the degree of immuno-hematological consequences of radioiodine therapy were established. An increase in the risk of developing hyperproliferative processes of the reproductive sphere depending on the courses
number, the cumulative dose of radioiodine and suppressive therapy was revealed. The correlation of cerebral, cardiac, systemic hemodynamics and variable heart rhythm in patients with compensated and decompensated type 2 diabetes and cerebral atherosclerosis of various stages, including those complicated by the development of a stroke, was established. An approach to predicting the progression of the development of an ischemic stroke based on the determination of indicators of the structural and functional state of the heart, cerebral vessels and variable heart rhythm in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes has been developed. Methods of preoperative diagnosis of radioiodine resistance of PTC have been developed. Software for differential cytological diagnosis of thyroid tumors has been created. The main factors determining and modeling the degree of immuno-hematological consequences of radioiodine therapy are established. Therapeutic and preventive measures for the correction of hyperproliferative processes of the reproductive sphere in patients with thyroid cancer and the correction of cardiovascular disorders in patients with DM have been determined.
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