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Abstract
In modern clinical practice, echocardiography is very important part of the objective examination of every patient with suspected or already established pathology of the cardiovascular system. Speckle tracking echocardiography (synonymous with the term «vector analysis») makes it possible to analyze in more detail the contractile function of the myocardium by studying its deformation properties in various cardiovascular diseases, which are often combined with endocrine system pathology. Speckle tracking echocardiography provides a non-invasive assessment of myocardial contractile function by determining indicators such as global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain. These indicators of left ventricle deformation have a high specificity in detecting local disorders of myocardial contractile function. As a result, speckle tracking echocardiography makes it possible to more accurately assess the dynamics of changes in the left ventricle systolic function. Given that the longitudinal subendocardial layer of myocardial fibers is most sensitive to ischemia, so the violation of the contractility of the longitudinal fibers may be a highly sensitive marker for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. It is known that in the structure of endocrine diseases the main place is occupied by diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction. The pathogenetic basis for the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus is atherosclerotic vascular lesions. Hyperglycemia by activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system induces hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, which exacerbates its diastolic dysfunction. In turn, the imbalance of thyroid hormones causes negative metabolic changes in the body such as dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunction, which also causes the progression of atherosclerosis. Patients with these endocrine diseases always have an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Therefore, the use of modern, non-invasive and most informative imaging techniques for examining the cardiovascular system in such patients will help reduce the incidence of cardiovascular complications, and consequently — reduce mortality from cardiovascular disease.
References
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